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How to Select a Conveyor Timing Belt

The following selection procedure assumes that a pulley of the same size is used for both the head pulley^*1 and the tail pulley^*2.
(Even if the sizes of the head pulley and tail pulley differ, follow the same procedure up to Step 3)
The head pulley should be the drive pulley.
And for belt installation and tension control, the driven side should be designed with a structure enabling adjustment of alignment and distance between shafts by means of an adjustment screw or the like.

[Step 1] Calculate the effective tension (Te).
[Step 2] Calculate the design tension (Td).
[Step 3] Select the belt type, belt width and pulley diameter.
[Step 4] Determine the belt circumference (number of teeth) and distance between shafts.
[Step 5] Confirm that the adjustable allowance for distance between shafts is greater than the values shown in Table 7-a and Table 7-b, as applicable.
[Step 6] Tension the belt.
Reference: Open-End Belt Allowable Tension Table

[Step 1] Calculate the effective tension (Te).

Te＝ 9.8（μ・G＋G・H/C）

Te (N): : Effective tension

G (kg): : Gross weight of the conveyance on the belt

μ: : Friction coefficient between table and belt (Table 1)

H (mm): : Lifting height

C (mm): : Tentative distance between shafts (Machine length)

**Table 1 General Friction Coefficient Between Belt and Table**
Table Material	Steel	Stainless Steel	Aluminum	UHMW	Fluoropolymer (Example)
Friction Coefficient: μ	0.65	0.68	0.42	0.31	0.21

[Step 2] Calculate the design tension (Td).

Td＝K・Te

Td (N): : Design tension

K: : Overload factor

Te (N): : Effective tension

K＝K1＋K2＋K3

K1: : Correction factor based on operating hours

K2: : Correction factor based on belt length

K3: : Correction factor based on belt speed

Table 2 K1 Correction Factor Based on Daily Operating Hours

(Unit: hours)

～5	5～8	8～12	12～16	16～24
1.0	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4

Table 3 K2 Correction Factor Based on Belt Length

(Unit: mm)

～1500	1501～3000	3001～4500	4501～
0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0

Table 4 K3 Correction Factor Based on Belt Speed

(Unit: m/min)

～ 60	61～90	91～120
0.0	0.1	0.2

[Step 3] Select the belt type, belt width and pulley diameter.

(1) Select a belt type and width that has Ta (allowable tension) ≥ Td (design tension) from Table 5 below.

Table 5 Jointed Belt Allowable Tension

(Unit: N)

Belt Type	Belt Width (mm)
Belt Type	10	15	20	25	30	40	50
S5M	120	180	－	300	－	－	－
S8M	－	235	－	392	471	627	－
T5	58	87	116	145	－	－	－
T10	－	180	240	300	360	481	601
AT5	74	110	－	－	－	－	－
AT10	－	234	312	391	－	－	－

(Unit: N)

Belt Type	Belt Nominal Width
Belt Type	050	075	100	150	200
L	92	138	184	276	－
H	－	163	216	324	432

(2) For both the drive and driven pulleys, select those with more teeth than the minimum allowable number of teeth shown in Table 6 below.

Table 6 Minimum Allowable Number of Pulley Teeth

Belt Type	Pitch (mm)	Minimum Number of Teeth	Pulley Diameter (mm)
L	9.525	14	42.45
H	12.7	14	56.60
S5M	5	14	22.28
S8M	8	24	61.12
T5	5	12	19.10
T10	10	14	44.56
AT5	5	20	31.83
AT10	10	14	44.56

[Step 4] Determine the belt circumference (number of teeth) and distance between shafts.

(1) Determine the approximate belt circumference based on the tentative distance between shafts (C’) and approximate pulley diameter (Dp’).

Lp’＝2・C’＋π・Dp’

Lp’ (mm): : Approximate belt circumference

C’ (mm): : Tentative distance between shafts

Dp’ (mm): : Approximate pulley diameter

(2) Determine the number of belt teeth (N) based on the approximate belt circumference (Lp’) and pitch (P).
The number of belt teeth (N) should be rounded to the natural number. (Be careful about the minimal length.)

N＝ Lp’/P

N: : Number of belt teeth

P (mm): : Pitch

(3) Determine the exact belt circumference based on the number of belt teeth (N) and pitch (P).

Lp＝ P・N

Lp (mm): : Belt circumference

(4) Determine the exact distance between shafts (C) using the formula below.

C＝ P・（N－Dz）/2

C (mm): : Distance between shafts

Dz: : Number of pulley teeth

[Step 5] Confirm that the adjustable allowance for distance between shafts is greater than the values shown in Table 7-a and Table 7-b, as applicable.

**Table 7-a Inward Adjustable Allowance (Mounting Allowance)**
Belt Type	Inward Adjustable Allowance
L	10 mm or more
H	15 mm or more
S5M	10 mm or more
S8M	15 mm or more
T5	5 mm or more
T10	10 mm or more
AT5	10 mm or more
AT10	15 mm or more

**Table 7-b Outward Adjustable Allowance (Tension Allowance)**
Distance Between Shafts (mm)	Outward Adjustable Allowance
～500	5 mm or more
501～1000	10 mm or more
1001～1500	15 mm or more
1501～2000	20 mm or more
2001～2500	25 mm or more
2501～	1% or more of the distance between shafts

[Step 6] Tension the belt.

Extend the belt at the installation tension shown in Table 8. The shaft load will be twice the installation tension. Shafts should have sufficient strength.

Fs＝ 2・Ti

Fs (N): : Shaft load

Ti (N): : Installation tension (See table below)

Table 8 Jointed Belt Installation Tension

(Unit: N)

Belt Type	Belt Width (mm)
Belt Type	10	15	20	25	30	40	50
S5M	60	90	－	150	－	－	－
S8M	－	117	－	196	235	313	－
T5	29	43	58	72	－	－	－
T10	－	90	120	150	180	240	300
AT5	37	55	－	－	－	－	－
AT10	117	156	195	－	－	－	－

(Unit: N)

Belt Type	Belt Nominal Width
Belt Type	050	075	100	150	200
L	46	69	92	138	－
H	－	81	108	162	216

Reference: Open-End Belt Allowable Tension Table^*3

(Unit: N)

Belt Type	Material	Belt Width (mm)
Belt Type	Material	6	10	15	20	25	30	40	50
S3M	Polyurethane	127	－	－	－	－	－	－	－
S5M	Rubber	－	310	490	－	－	－	－	－
S5M	Polyurethane	－	215	323	－	539	－	－	－
S8M	Rubber	－	－	－	－	950	－	－	－
S8M	Polyurethane	－	－	647	－	1176	1412	1882	－
T5	Polyurethane	－	112	166	225	284	－	－	－
T10	Polyurethane	－	－	299	397	529	627	862	1064
AT5	Polyurethane	－	147	221	－	－	－	－	－
AT10	Polyurethane	－	－	469	625	781	－	－	－

(Unit: N)

Belt Type	Material	Belt Width (mm)
Belt Type	Material	025	037	050	075	100	150	200
XL	Rubber	－	45	70	－	－	－	－
XL	Polyurethane	66	102	142	－	－	－	－
L	Rubber	－	－	95	165	－	－	－
L	Polyurethane	－	－	259	387	519	－	－
H	Rubber	－	－	－	－	600	－	－
H	Polyurethane	－	－	－	397	529	799	1093

Notes

^*1 Head pulley: Pulley located in the forward direction of travel
^*2 Tail pulley: Pulley located behind the direction of travel
^*3 For applications other than conveyance (e.g. transmission), design S3M with approx. 1/2 of the allowable tension in the table and XL, L, H, S5M, S8M, T5 and T10 polyurethane belts with approx. 2/3 of the allowable tension in the table.